एमएनएस एल8टी1: सेवा वितरण ढांचा
एमएनएस के लिए सीपीएचसी के अंतर्गत सेवा वितरण ढांचा
Care at Community Level (MPW, CHO and ASHAs)
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IEC and Community mobilization (MPW, CHO and ASHAs)
- Promotion of mental health through family enrichment programs, school health programs, positive parenting, and physical activities initiative including yoga, balanced diet, exercise, sleep hygiene, and stress management
- Screening and Early Detection using Community Informant Decision Tool (CIDT)
- Screening using Patient Health Questionnaires 2 (PHQ 2) as part of CBAC form
- Follow up care at home: Ensuring treatment compliance, providing treatment adherence support
- Improving psychosocial competencies at individual and family level
Care at SHC-HWC :(Community Health Officer)
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Community Health Officer
- Conducting individual level awareness and stigma reduction activities
- Delivering Psychosocial Interventions
- Identification/screening of MNS conditions
- Referral to PHC or higher facilities for diagnosis and treatment
- Administering Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9 for depression screening and tracking the improvement by PHQ9
- Emergency care for seizure/status epilepticus
- Developing and implementing comprehensive life plan for persons with dementia
- Dispensation of medicines prescribed by PHC-MO and specialists
- Follow up care and monitoring of side-effecdts of medicines, relapse of symptoms, worsening and redflag
- Facilitating community-based rehabilitation and self-help groups
- Establish linkages with other programs, departments and NGOs
Care at PHC-HWC :Medical Officer (MBBS)
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Medical Officer (MBBS)
- Conduct individual level awareness and stigma reduction activities
- Identification and screening for MNS conditions
- Identification/diagnosis and management plan for CMDs, Epilepsy and Dementia
- Identification/diagnosis and referral for confirmed diagnosis of SMDs, SUDs and C&AMHDs
- Suicide risk assessment and management
- Initiation of pharmacological treatment for CMD, Epilepsy and Dementia
- Basic management of drug overdose/intoxication
- Emergency care management
- Follow up care and continuation of treatment
Care at Secondary/Tertiary care facility :Specialists
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Specialists
- Confirmed diagnosis of SMDs, SUDs and C&AMHDs
- Providing multidisciplinary care upon referral at the secondary level
- Clinical support and supervision for continued management
Roles and Responsibilities of CHO
(Community Health Officer)
1. Mental Health Promotion
Undertake mental health promotion activities – Conduct individual and community level awareness and stigma reduction activities
2. Screening and Identification
Carry out identification/screening of MNS conditions
3. Psychosocial Support
Deliver psychosocial interventions
4. Medication Management
Dispense medications that are already prescribed by MO-PHC/UPHC or mental health specialist under District Mental Health Programme
5. Emergency Care
Provide emergency care for person experiencing seizure/status epilepticus, to stabilise and then refer
6. Referral Services
Refer cases of CMD, SMD, C&AMHD, SUD, suicide behaviour as appropriate
7. Follow-up Care
Provide follow up care – Monitor for side effects and toxicity
8. Network Building
Have linkages with other programs, departments and NGOs for referral services
Note: CHOs play a crucial role in providing primary mental healthcare services at the community level. Their responsibilities span from prevention and promotion to emergency care and follow-up support.
आइए विचार करें
स्व-देखभाल रणनीतियां
ये प्रशिक्षण के साथ-साथ रोगियों को सलाह देने के लिए भी सहायक हो सकते हैं।
Self-Care Strategies for Mental Health
Essential practices for maintaining mental well-being
Healthy Sleep Habits
- 🌙 The mind needs sleep to recover from daily stresses
- ⏰ Keep regular sleep and wake times
- ❌ Avoid daytime naps
- ☕ No tea or coffee after 5 PM
- 🛁 Consider a bath or warm milk before bed
- 📚 If you can’t sleep, do something relaxing (such as reading a book, listening to pleasant music, do breathing exercises or yoga)
- ❌ Avoid taking sleeping pills or alcohol for sleeping problems
- ✨ A good night sleep is essential to be mentally healthy!
Healthy Diet
- 🕒 Eat meals at regular intervals
- 🥗 Include fruits and green vegetables daily
- 🐟 Choose healthy proteins like fish and chicken
- 🌾 Include fiber through whole grains and chapatis
- 🥚 Consider eggs for important vitamins
Regular Exercise & Activities
- 🚶♂️ Choose enjoyable activities like walking
- 📈 Start small and increase gradually
- 👥 Spend time with friends and relatives
- 🎨 Revive old hobbies or start new ones
Regular Relaxation
- 🧘♂️ Practice yoga or breathing exercises
- 📚 Engage in relaxing activities like reading
- 🎵 Listen to calming music
- 🌅 Take regular walks in nature
Avoid Harmful Substances
- ⚠️ Avoid alcohol, tobacco, and sleeping pills
- 🧠 These substances can damage brain and organs
- 💰 Can lead to financial and family problems
Seek Support
- 💭 Talk about your feelings
- 🤝 Activate your social networks
- 🗣️ Connect with others who understand
Note for CHOs: These strategies should be introduced gradually to patients. Encourage them to start with one or two practices that feel most manageable and build from there.